Fergana, a region in modern-day Uzbekistan, has a rich history dating back to antiquity. It was part of the Achaemenid Empire, a nexus for trade on the Silk Road, and saw influences from various empires including the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, Kushan Empire, Umayyad Caliphate, Mongols, and Timurid Empire. It was later annexed by the Russian Empire